Characterisation of a ground penetrating radar antenna in lossless homogeneous and lossy heterogeneous environments

Warren, Craig and Giannopoulos, Antonios (2017) Characterisation of a ground penetrating radar antenna in lossless homogeneous and lossy heterogeneous environments. Signal Processing, 132. pp. 221-226. ISSN 0165-1684

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Abstract

Directly measuring the radiation characteristics of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) antennas in environments typically encountered in GPR surveys, presents many practical difficulties. However it is very important to understand how energy is being transmitted and received by the antenna, especially for areas of research such as antenna design, signal processing, and inversion methodologies. To overcome the difficulties of experimental measurements, we used an advanced modelling toolset to simulate detailed three-dimensional Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) models of GPR antennas in realistic environments. A semi-empirical soil model was utilised, which relates the relative permittivity of the soil to the bulk density, sand particle density, sand fraction, clay fraction and volumetric fraction of water. The radiated energy from the antenna was studied in lossless homogeneous dielectrics as well as, for the first time, in lossy heterogeneous environments. Significant variations in the magnitude and pattern shape were observed between the lossless homogeneous and lossy heterogeneous environments. Also, despite clear differences in time domain responses from simulations that included only an infinitesimal dipole source model and those that used the full antenna model, there were strong similarities in the radiated energy distributions.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Ultra-wideband antennas; Antenna radiation patterns; Finite-Difference Time-Domain; Ground Penetrating Radar; Modeling; Simulation
Subjects: F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences
H200 Civil Engineering
H600 Electronic and Electrical Engineering
Department: Faculties > Engineering and Environment > Mechanical and Construction Engineering
Depositing User: Craig Warren
Date Deposited: 13 Jul 2017 16:12
Last Modified: 01 Aug 2021 12:33
URI: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/31294

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