Nokia on the slope: The failure of a hybrid open/closed source model

Ciesielska, Gosia (2018) Nokia on the slope: The failure of a hybrid open/closed source model. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 19 (3). pp. 218-225. ISSN 1465-7503

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Abstract

This case study explores the origins of Nokia’s decline in the mobile technology market, as an unsuccessful attempt to introduce an open-source strategy into the business. Nokia created a hybrid model, which codified conflicting principles taken from closed and open mode of collaboration. A series of implementation problems resulted in Nokia struggling to attract open-source partners, growing issues with managing in-house staff and ultimately failing to develop a new mobile operating system fast enough to stay competitive.

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