Mapping Shunting Paths at the Surface of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Films via Energy-Filtered Photoemission Microscopy

Tiwari, Devendra, Cattelan, Mattia, Harniman, Robert L., Sarua, Andrei, Abbas, Ali, Bowers, Jake W., Fox, Neil A. and Fermin, David J. (2018) Mapping Shunting Paths at the Surface of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Films via Energy-Filtered Photoemission Microscopy. iScience, 9. pp. 36-46. ISSN 2589-0042

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2018.10.004

Abstract

The performance of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin-film solar cells, commonly referred to as kesterite or CZTSSe, is limited by open-circuit voltage (VOC) values less than 60% of the maximum theoretical limit. In the present study, we employ energy-filtered photoemission microscopy to visualize nanoscale shunting paths in solution-processed CZTSSe films, which limit the VOC of cells to approximately 400 mV. These studies unveil areas of local effective work function (LEWF) narrowly distributed around 4.9 eV, whereas other portions show hotspots with LEWF as low as 4.2 eV. Localized valence band spectra and density functional theory calculations allow rationalizing the LEWF maps in terms of the CZTSSe effective work function broadened by potential energy fluctuations and nanoscale Sn(S,Se) phases.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Chemistry, Materials Science, Energy Materials
Subjects: F100 Chemistry
F200 Materials Science
F300 Physics
H600 Electronic and Electrical Engineering
H800 Chemical, Process and Energy Engineering
Department: Faculties > Engineering and Environment > Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering
Depositing User: Elena Carlaw
Date Deposited: 13 Jan 2020 15:12
Last Modified: 31 Jul 2021 20:06
URI: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41895

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