Reciprocal developmental relations between ADHD and anxiety in adolescence:: A within-person longitudinal analysis of commonly co-occurring symptoms

Murray, Aja, Cayne, Arthur, Mckenzie, Karen, Auyeung, Bonnie, Murray, George, Ribeaud, Denis, Freeston, Mark and Eisner, Manuel (2022) Reciprocal developmental relations between ADHD and anxiety in adolescence:: A within-person longitudinal analysis of commonly co-occurring symptoms. Journal of Attention Disorders, 26 (1). pp. 109-118. ISSN 1087-0547

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Abstract

Objective: Significant anxiety often occurs in the presence of ADHD symptoms; however, the reasons are not well understood. We aimed to establish whether the relations between ADHD symptons and anxiety are bidirectional or unidirectional. Method: Weexamined the developmental relations between ADHD and anxiety symptoms across adolescence (ages 13, 15, and 17) in a community-ascertained, normative longitudinal sample of 1,483 youth (52% male). We used an autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals (ALT-SR) to examine within-person developmental relations between ADHD and anxiety symptoms to determine whether it is ADHD symptoms that lead to anxiety symptoms and/or the reverse. Results: Results suggested that there are reciprocal within-person developmental relations between ADHD and anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: Our findings support the recommendation that targeting ADHD symptoms can be fruitful for addressing anxiety symptoms; however, they suggest that targeting anxiety symptoms may also benefit ADHD symptoms. Results also underline the importance of careful assessment for underlying ADHD symptoms among adolescents presenting with anxiety.

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