Correlates of hallucinatory experiences in the general population: an international multi-site replication study

Moseley, Peter, Aleman, André, Allen, Paul, Bell, Vaughan, Bless, Josef J., Bortolon, Catherine, Cella, Matteo, Garrison, Jane R., Hugdahl, Kenneth, Kozakova, Eva, Laroi, Frank, Moffatt, Jamie, Say, Nicolas, Smailes, David, Suzuki, Mimi, Toh, Wei Lin, Woodward, Todd S., Zaytseva, Yuliya, Rossell, Susan and Fernyhough, Charles (2020) Correlates of hallucinatory experiences in the general population: an international multi-site replication study. Psychological Science. ISSN 0956-7976 (In Press)

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Abstract

Hallucinatory experiences (HEs) can occur in both clinical and non-clinical groups. However, previous studies of the general population that have investigated cognitive mechanisms underlying HEs have yielded inconsistent results. In this study, we ran a large-scale preregistered multi-site study, in which general population participants (N = 1394, across 11 data collection sites and online) completed assessments of HEs and source memory, dichotic listening, backwards digit span and auditory signal detection tasks, plus a measure of adverse childhood experiences. We found that HEs were associated with a higher false alarm rate on the signal detection task and a greater number of reported adverse childhood experiences, but not with any of the other cognitive measures employed. These findings are an important step in improving reproducibility in hallucinations research and suggest that the replicability of some findings regarding cognition in clinical samples need to be investigated.

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