Ultrafine Mn3O4 nanowires synthesized by colloidal method as electrode materials for supercapacitors with a wide voltage range

Fang, Qisheng, Sun, Mengxuan, Ren, Xiaohe, Cao, Baobao, Shen, Wenzhong, Li, Zhijie and Fu, Yong Qing (2021) Ultrafine Mn3O4 nanowires synthesized by colloidal method as electrode materials for supercapacitors with a wide voltage range. Journal of Energy Storage, 44 (Part A). p. 103260. ISSN 2352-152X

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Abstract

Manganese oxide is considered an ideal pseudo-capacitive electrode material for supercapacitors due to its low cost, environmental friendliness and large theoretical capacity. However, it is difficult to obtain manganese electrodes with a high specific capacitance and a large voltage range. In this study, ultrafine Mn3O4 nanowires with an average diameter of 4.0 nm were synthesized using a colloidal method. They have a large specific surface area of 175.1 m2 g−1, and can provide numerous active sites to enhance their specific capacitances. They also show a large pore volume of 0.7960 cm3 g−1, which can provide essential channels for ion transport during charging and discharging processes. The supercapacitor electrode made of these ultrafine Mn3O4 nanowires exhibits a predominant surface capacitive behavior during charge/discharge processes, and achieves a large specific capacitance of 433.1 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 with a very wide voltage range from -0.5 to 1.1 V in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. An asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) was assembled using a cathode electrode made of these ultrafine Mn3O4 nanowires and an active carbon (AC) anode electrode, and a high energy density of 26.68 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 442 W kg−1 was achieved. The ASC showed a good cycling stability, and its capacitance value was still maintained at 75.8% after 64,000 charge/discharge cycles.

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