Esmaeilishirazifard, Elham, Usher, L., Trim, C., Denise, H., Sangal, Vartul, Tyson, G.H., Barlow, A., Redway, K.F., Taylor, J.D., Kremyda-Vlachou, Myrto, Davies, Sam, Loftus, T. D., Lock, M.M.G., Wright, K., Dalby, A., Snyder, L.A.S., Wuster, W., Trim, S. and Moschos, Sterghios (2022) Bacterial Adaptation to Venom in Snakes and Arachnida. Microbiology Spectrum, 10 (3). pp. 1-16. ISSN 2165-0497
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Abstract
Animal venoms are considered sterile sources of antimicrobial compoundswith strong membrane-disrupting activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria. However,venomous bite wound infections are common in developing nations. Investigating theenvenomation organ and venom microbiota offive snake and two spider species, weobserved venom community structures that depend on the host venomous animal spe-cies and evidenced recovery of viable microorganisms from black-necked spitting cobra(Naja nigricollis) and Indian ornamental tarantula (Poecilotheria regalis) venoms. Amongthe bacterial isolates recovered fromN. nigricollis,weidentified two venom-resistant,novel sequence types ofEnterococcus faecaliswhose genomes feature 16 virulencegenes, indicating infectious potential, and 45 additional genes, nearly half of whichimprove bacterial membrane integrity. Ourfindings challenge the dogma of venom ste-rility and indicate an increased primary infection risk in the clinical management of ven-omous animal bite wounds.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Funding information: This work was funded by the University of Westminster, University of Northumbria, and Venomtech, Ltd. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Department of Health and Human Services, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or the U.S. Government. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | drug resistance evolution, extremophiles, genome analysis, microbiome, multidrug resistance, venom |
| Subjects: | B200 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy B800 Medical Technology C700 Molecular Biology, Biophysics and Biochemistry |
| Department: | Faculties > Health and Life Sciences > Applied Sciences |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | Elena Carlaw |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Apr 2022 14:02 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2022 14:15 |
| URI: | http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/48939 |
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