An accurate approach to the design of channel hydraulic flocculators

Liu, Jie, Crapper, Martin and McConnachie, Gordon (2004) An accurate approach to the design of channel hydraulic flocculators. Water Research, 38 (4). pp. 875-886. ISSN 0043-1354

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Abstract

The design of flocculators for water treatment continues to be based on the generalized and simplistic concept of mean velocity gradient within the reaction zone. This approach makes little sense for hydraulic flocculators in which the turbulence conditions are heterogenous. A theoretical, experimental and computational fluid dynamics study is presented, in which a point-to-point approach is derived, allowing variations in turbulent kinetic energy to be taken into account in determining flocculation efficiency. Results for the point-to-point calculation are compared with experimental measurements of flocculation efficiency in a full-scale model of a channel hydraulic flocculator, and an extremely good fit is obtained, demonstrating the point-to-point approach to be an accurate method of determining flocculation efficiency in channel hydraulic flocculators. A design example is presented showing how the point-to-point approach can be used in practice. It is concluded that the point-to-point approach is a much better method of design than that based on the mean velocity gradient.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Water treatment; Hydraulic flocculation; Channel hydraulic flocculator; Design; Flocculation efficiency; Laser-doppler anemometry; Computational fluid dynamics
Subjects:	H200 Civil Engineering
Department:	Faculties > Engineering and Environment > Mechanical and Construction Engineering
Depositing User:	Becky Skoyles
Date Deposited:	08 Jun 2016 08:57
Last Modified:	10 Oct 2019 23:18
URI:	http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/27054

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