Controllable Synthesis of Upconversion Nanophosphors towards Scale-up Productions

Jiao, Yiran, Ling, Chen, Wang, Jie-Xin, Amanico, Honeyfer, Saczek, Joshua, Wang, Haoyu, Sridhar, Sreepathy, Xu, Bin, Wang, Steven and Wang, Dan (2020) Controllable Synthesis of Upconversion Nanophosphors towards Scale-up Productions. Particle and Particle Systems Characterization, 37 (9). p. 2000129. ISSN 0934-0866

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Abstract

Upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) have been considered as an important synthesis arm within biomedical and energy sectors due to their unique optical characteristics, which can convert near infrared (NIR) light into higher energy emissions. However, key challenges, e.g. cost, compatibility of the materials, etc. have to be taken into serious consideration to transform this in-lab UCNPs technology into scale-up production for wider commercial needs. This review highlights the fundamental concepts of synthetic approaches for upconversion nanophosphors and re-cap recent advances interms of large-scale production. A number of typical synthesis routes in both batch and continuous processes are reviewed, alongside their limitations and potential improvements when being considered for mass production. By discussing and exploiting the technical compacity for the potential synthetic trend, key challenges and expectations of future synthesis methods for UCNPs are also outlined.

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