Kele, Sándor, Sallam, Emad S., Capezzuoli, Enrico, Rogerson, Michael, Wanas, Hamdalla, Shen, Chuan-Chou, Lone, Mahjoor Ahmad, Yu, Tsai-Luen, Schauer, Andrew and Huntington, Katharine W. (2021) Were springline carbonates in the Kurkur-Dungul area (Southern Egypt) deposited during glacial periods? Journal of the Geological Society, 178 (3). jgs2020-147. ISSN 0016-7649
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Abstract
The tufa deposits in the Kurkur–Dungul area, southern Egypt, date from marine isotope stage (MIS) 11 to MIS 1. Springs across the region were active during glacial periods (with sea-level below –50 m), reflecting changed atmospheric circulation over the Indian Ocean, as well as peak interglacial periods. During times of low sea-level, reduced Indonesian throughflow promoted formation of an Indian Ocean Warm Pool, and anomalous rainfall on its western margin. We suggest that Egypt lies at the intersection of westerly (‘maghrebian’) and easterly (‘mashriqian’) rainfall provinces, which show different timing with relation to orbital forcing and different source water regions. Tufa-growth periods are therefore not mechanistically linked to ‘humid periods’ or ‘sapropel events’ identified elsewhere. Stable isotope and T(Δ47) data are also inconsistent with these spring systems being part of a larger system spanning northern Africa, and lack a clear interaction between northern hemisphere heating and mid-latitude rainfall. We also follow previous researchers in concluding that formation of springline deposit formation was probably delayed compared with rainfall, owing to aquifer flow distances. This delay is unlikely to be sufficient to explain why rainfall is out of phase with movements of the monsoon belts, but may complicate interpretation of these records.
Supplementary material: A lithofacies description and supplementary figures and tables are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5246661
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| Additional Information: | Funding Information: Funding S.K. received support by the KH 125584 project of the Nemzeti Kutatási, Fejlesztési és Innovaciós Alap (NKFIH; National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungary). Clumped isotope analyses at the Isolab (University of Washington, Seattle, USA) were supported partly by the TraRAS (Travertine Reservoir Analogue Studies) project, and K.H. acknowledges funding from US National Science Foundation grant EAR-1156134. The research was supported by the European Union and the State of Hungary, cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund in the project GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00009 ‘ICER’. U–Th dating was supported by grants from the Science Vanguard Research Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan (108-2119-M-002-012), the Higher Education Sprout Project of the Ministry of Education, Taiwan (108L901001) and the National Taiwan University (109L8926). |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Desert tufa, Southern Egypt, Facies analysis, Stable and clumped isotopes, U−Th dating |
| Subjects: | F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences |
| Department: | Faculties > Engineering and Environment > Geography and Environmental Sciences |
| Depositing User: | John Coen |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Jan 2021 12:36 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Mar 2022 15:10 |
| URI: | http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/45135 |
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