The Integration of Conservation and Security: Political Ecologies of Violence and the Illegal Wildlife Trade

Duffy, Rosaleen and Massé, Francis (2021) The Integration of Conservation and Security: Political Ecologies of Violence and the Illegal Wildlife Trade. In: The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Environmental Politics. Oxford handbooks online . Oxford University Press, Oxford. ISBN 9780197515037, 9780197515068

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Abstract

This chapter examines the intersections among violence, security, and the environment. It uses a political ecology lens to analyze the violences that arise from “enforcement-first” approaches in tackling the illegal wildlife trade (IWT) as one aspect of conservation. Growing concern about IWT as a threat to biodiversity and security has led to calls for an urgent response. This has encouraged and facilitated the development of responses that are anchored in law enforcement and militarization. This is in part due to the redefining of IWT as a global security threat because it is deemed as a source of funding for armed groups and involves organized crime networks. The intense focus on the need to tackle IWT has led to shifts in conservation policy, such that anti-poaching operations are often accompanied by considerable levels of violence by conservation authorities.

Item Type:	Book Section
Uncontrolled Keywords:	illegal wildlife trade, IWT, poaching, rhinos, environment, Africa, security, violence, political ecology
Subjects:	F900 Others in Physical Sciences L700 Human and Social Geography
Department:	Faculties > Engineering and Environment > Geography and Environmental Sciences
Depositing User:	John Coen
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2021 14:15
Last Modified:	30 Sep 2021 14:32
URI:	http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/46817

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