Large Pre- and Postexercise Rapid-Acting Insulin Reductions Preserves Glycemia and Prevents Early- but Not Late-Onset Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

Campbell, Matthew, Walker, Mark, Trenell, Michael, Jakovljevic, Djordje, Stevenson, Emma, Bracken, Richard, Bain, Stephen and West, Dan (2013) Large Pre- and Postexercise Rapid-Acting Insulin Reductions Preserves Glycemia and Prevents Early- but Not Late-Onset Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 36 (8). pp. 2217-2224. ISSN 0149-5992

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To examine the acute and 24-h glycemic responses to reductions in postexercise rapid-acting insulin dose in type 1 diabetic patients.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
After preliminary testing, 11 male patients (24 ± 2 years, HbA1c 7.7 ± 0.3%; 61 ± 3.4 mmol/mol) attended the laboratory on three mornings. Patients consumed a standardized breakfast (1 g carbohydrate ⋅ kg-1 BM; 380 ± 10 kcal) and self-administered a 25% rapid-acting insulin dose 60 min prior to performing 45 min of treadmill running at 72.5 ± 0.9% VO2peak. At 60 min postexercise, patients ingested a meal (1 g carbohydrate ⋅ kg-1 BM; 660 ± 21 kcal) and administered a Full, 75%, or 50% rapid-acting insulin dose. Blood glucose concentrations were measured for 3 h postmeal. Interstitial glucose was recorded for 20 h after leaving the laboratory using a continuous glucose monitoring system.
RESULTS
All glycemic responses were similar across conditions up to 60 min postexercise. After the postexercise meal, blood glucose was preserved under 50%, but declined under Full and 75%. Thence at 3 h, blood glucose was highest under 50% (50% [10.4 ± 1.2] vs. Full [6.2 ± 0.7] and 75% [7.6 ± 1.2 mmol ⋅ L-1], P = 0.029); throughout this period, all patients were protected against hypoglycemia under 50% (blood glucose ≤3.9; Full, n = 5; 75%, n = 2; 50%, n = 0). Fifty percent continued to protect patients against hypoglycemia for a further 4 h under free-living conditions. However, late-evening and nocturnal glycemia were similar; as a consequence, late-onset hypoglycemia was experienced under all conditions.
CONCLUSIONS
A 25% pre-exercise and 50% postexercise rapid-acting insulin dose preserves glycemia and protects patients against early-onset hypoglycemia (≤8 h). However, this strategy does not protect against late-onset postexercise hypoglycemia.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	A100 Pre-clinical Medicine A300 Clinical Medicine B400 Nutrition
Department:	Faculties > Health and Life Sciences > Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation
Depositing User:	Dan West
Date Deposited:	28 Mar 2013 16:07
Last Modified:	12 Oct 2019 16:25
URI:	http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/11827

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