Structurally Folded Curvature Surface Models of Geodes/Agate Rosettes (Cathode/Anode) as Vehicle/Truck Storage for High Energy Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Khalifa, Hesham, El-Safty, Sherif A., Reda, Abdullah, Shenashen, Mohamed A., Elmarakbi, Ahmed and Metawa, Hussein A. (2020) Structurally Folded Curvature Surface Models of Geodes/Agate Rosettes (Cathode/Anode) as Vehicle/Truck Storage for High Energy Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries. Batteries & Supercaps, 3 (1). pp. 76-92. ISSN 2566-6223

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Abstract

Here, structurally folded curvature surface cathode/anode models were designated as vehicle/truck storages. The modulation of LIB vehicle folds with diverse surface functions such as cave‐in‐hollow nests, shell‐walled/fenced edges, and convex/concave spheroid‐capped gradients of geode (G)/agate rosette (AR) (cathode/anode) electrodes may be used as leverage to motivate the dynamic mobility of electron–ion motion systems directly and generate vehicle/truck storage loading on sustainable electrode surface geometrics, leading to long‐term charge/discharge cycles. In this vehicle/truck storage design, evidence of the effect of structurally folded curvature surface models on the creation of anode/cathode designs is first reported as the force‐driven modulation of high energy density of full‐scale G‐cathode//AR‐anode LIBs. Outstanding long‐term cycling performance and stability, excellent retention capacity ~85% with a first discharge specific capacity of 162.5 mAhg −1 and an approximate Coulombic efficiency of 99.7%, were obtained after 2000 cycles at a rate of 1 C in a potential region from 0.8 V to 3.5V versus Li/Li + at room temperature by using 3D super‐scalable G@C//AR@C built‐in full‐scale LIB models. A high value of specific energy density ≈131.6 Wh kg −1 of full‐scale LIB models may offer all mandatory requirements overcoming the energy density limits that required a driving range of long‐term EVs.

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