Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health lifestyle in patients with peripheral artery disease: A cross-sectional study

Ritti-Dias, Raphael Mendes, Correia, Marilia Almeida, Carvalho, Juliana Ferreira, Braghieri, Heloisa Amaral, Wolosker, Nelson, Cucato, Gabriel and Kanegusuku, Hélcio (2022) Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health lifestyle in patients with peripheral artery disease: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Vascular Nursing, 40 (1). pp. 54-58. ISSN 1062-0303

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Abstract

Background: Social isolation has been one of the main strategies to prevent the spread of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). However, the impact of social isolation on the lifestyle of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and claudication symptoms remains unclear. Objectives: To analyze the perceptions of patients with PAD of the impact of social isolation provoked by COVID-19 pandemic on health lifestyle.
Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: The database of studies developed by our group involving patients with PAD from public hospitals in São Paulo. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey study, 136 patients with PAD (61% men, 68 ± 9 years old, 0.55 ± 0.17 ankle-brachial index, 82.4% with a PAD diagnosis ≥5 years old) were included. Health lifestyle factors were assessed through a telephone interview using a questionnaire containing questions related to: (a) COVID-19 personal care; (b) mental health; (c) health risk habits; (d) eating behavior; (e) lifestyle; (f) physical activity; (g) overall health; and (h) peripheral artery disease health care. Results: The majority of patients self-reported spending more time watching TV and sitting during the COVID-19 pandemic and only 28.7% were practicing physical exercise. Anxiety and unhappiness were the most prevalent feelings self-reported among patients and 43.4% reported a decline in walking capacity. Conclusion: Most patients with PAD self-reported increased sedentary behavior, lower physical activity level, and worse physical and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, it is necessary to adopt strategies to improve the quality of life of these patients during this period.

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