Does Dominant Somatotype Differentiate Performance of Jumping and Sprinting Variables in Young Healthy Adults?

Cinarli, Fahri Safa, Buyukcelebi, Hakan, Esen, Ozcan, Barasinska, Magdalena, Cepicka, Ladislav, Gabrys, Tomasz, Nalbant, Umut and Karayigit, Raci (2022) Does Dominant Somatotype Differentiate Performance of Jumping and Sprinting Variables in Young Healthy Adults? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (19). p. 11873. ISSN 1660-4601

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Official URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911873

Abstract

The relationship between an athlete’s somatotype three-numeral rating and his or her athletic performance is well known. However, a direct effect of the different dominant somatotype on jumping and sprinting variables has not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dominant somatotype on sport-specific explosive variables. One hundred and twelve physically active young adults (mean ± standard deviation age: 21.82 ± 3.18 years) were somatotype-rated using the Heath–Carter method. Participants were classified as balanced ectomorph, balanced mesomorph, central, mesomorph-endomorph, and mesomorphic ectomorph. Vertical jump and linear sprint tests were performed to measure peak lower body performance and sprint variables (time, speed, and momentum), respectively. The analysis revealed that balanced mesomorph had significantly higher vertical jump (effect size (ES) = 1.10, p = 0.005) and power to body mass (ES = 1.04, p = 0.023) than mesomorph-endomorph. In addition, balanced mesomorph showed significantly superior performance in 30-m sprint time and velocity than central and mesomorph-endomorph (ES range = 0.93–1, p < 0.05). Finally, balanced ectomorph (ES = 1.12, p = 0.009) and mesomorphic ectomorph (ES = 1.10, p = 0.017) were lower in sprint momentum compared to balanced mesomorphs. In conclusion, this study has shown the importance of the interaction between subtypes and athletic performance. The knowledge gained may be important in identifying those who tend to perform well in sports with explosive power and in prescribing training programs.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: anthropometry, explosive movement, peak power, somatotype
Subjects: B100 Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology
C600 Sports Science
Department: Faculties > Health and Life Sciences > Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation
Depositing User: Rachel Branson
Date Deposited: 26 Sep 2022 14:35
Last Modified: 26 Sep 2022 14:45
URI: https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/50226

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