Alterations in whole-body insulin sensitivity resulting from repeated eccentric exercise of a single muscle group: a pilot investigation

Gonzalez, Javier, Barwood, Martin, Goodall, Stuart, Thomas, Kevin and Howatson, Glyn (2015) Alterations in whole-body insulin sensitivity resulting from repeated eccentric exercise of a single muscle group: a pilot investigation. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 25 (4). pp. 405-410. ISSN 1526-484X

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Abstract

Unaccustomed eccentric exercise using large muscle groups elicits soreness, decrements in physical function and impairs markers of whole-body insulin sensitivity; although these effects are attenuated with a repeated exposure. Eccentric exercise of a small muscle group (elbow flexors) displays similar soreness and damage profiles in response to repeated exposure. However, it is unknown whether damage to small muscle groups impacts upon whole-body insulin sensitivity. This pilot investigation aimed to characterize whole-body insulin sensitivity in response to repeated bouts of eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors. Nine healthy males completed two bouts of eccentric exercise separated by 2 weeks. Insulin resistance (updated homeostasis model of insulin resistance, HOMA2-IR) and muscle damage profiles (soreness and physical function) were assessed before, and 48 h after exercise. Matsuda insulin sensitivity indices (ISIMatsuda) were also determined in 6 participants at the same time points as HOMA2-IR. Soreness was elevated, and physical function impaired, by both bouts of exercise (both P < 0.05) but to a lesser extent following bout 2 (time x bout interaction, P < 0.05). Eccentric exercise decreased ISIMatsuda after the first but not the second bout of eccentric exercise (time x bout interaction P < 0.05). Eccentric exercise performed with an isolated upper limb impairs whole-body insulin sensitivity after the first, but not the second, bout.

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